Recent egyptian scribe tomb in thebes1/25/2024 In the middle of it all stands a basket with baked conical loaves. Two men then mix the dough in tall tubs, while two black ovens are tended by a man with a poker. In the first a man again crushes grain with a pestle for two female millers to grind into flour. The bakery in the inner room is divided by a screen wall into two compartments. After fermentation it is poured off into round jugs that are covered with black clay stoppers. After a second man has added water to the lumps of dough and treaded the mash with his feet in a tall vat, the resulting liquid is set aside in four tall crocks to ferment. Here a man crushes the grain with a pestle, then two women grind it into flour, which another man works into lumps of dough, possibly adding yeast from the square basin in the corner. A guard with a baton sits inside the screened off main doorway that leads first into the brewery. The two processes are therefore combined here in one workshop complex, albeit with separate rooms. The making of bread and beer was closely related in ancient Egypt, both using basically the same kind of ingredients. This model of a combined bakery and brewery was discovered in a hidden chamber at the side of the passage leading into the rock cut tomb of the royal chief steward Meketre, who began his career under King Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II of Dynasty 11 and continued to serve successive kings into the early years of Dynasty 12.
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